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Table 1 Descriptive statistics for characteristics of the study population (n = 11,478)

From: Maternal obesity and the incidence of large-for-gestational-age newborns in isolated hypothyroxinemia pregnancies: a comparative cohort study

Characteristics

Normal weight (n = 2,863)

Overweight (n = 6,303)

Obesity (n = 2,312)

P value

Age (years)

27.7 ± 4.0

28.8 ± 4.4

29.2 ± 4.7

< 0.001

 <35

2656 (92.8%)

5535 (87.8%)

1973 (85.3%)

< 0.001

 ≥35

207 (7.2%)

768 (12.2%)

339 (14.7%)

Height (cm)

161.8 ± 4.6

161.6 ± 4.6

161.4 ± 4.6

0.001

Weight (kg)

61.4 ± 4.8

71.2 ± 5.4

84.4 ± 7.6

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

23.4 ± 1.2

27.3 ± 1.4

32.4 ± 2.2

< 0.001

Systolic BP (mmHg)

118.5 ± 10.7

120.8 ± 11.6

124.6 ± 13.8

< 0.001

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

73.3 ± 7.6

74.4 ± 8.0

76.5 ± 9.4

< 0.001

Parity

    

 No child

1926 (67.3%)

3725 (59.1%)

1252 (54.2%)

< 0.001

 ≥1 child

937 (32.7%)

2578 (40.9%)

1060 (45.8%)

Gestational age (week)

38.6 ± 1.8

38.8 ± 1.5

38.7 ± 1.6

0.010

Assisted reproduction

41 (1.4%)

144 (2.3%)

77 (3.3%)

< 0.001

Delivery mode

    

 Vaginal delivery

1933 (67.5%)

3629 (57.6%)

1027 (44.4%)

< 0.001

 Cesarean section

930 (32.5%)

2674 (42.4%)

1285 (55.6%)

PTB

241 (8.4%)

366 (5.8%)

149 (6.4%)

< 0.001

Pregnancy complications

    

 GDM

174 (6.1%)

494 (7.8%)

295 (12.8%)

< 0.001

 ICP

208 (7.3%)

371 (5.9%)

130 (5.6%)

0.018

 PE

38 (1.3%)

174 (2.8%)

180 (7.8%)

< 0.001

 PIH

21 (0.7%)

112 (1.8%)

110 (4.8%)

< 0.001

IMH

27 (0.9%)

305 (4.8%)

187 (8.1%)

< 0.001

Neonatal sex

    

 Female

1370 (47.9%)

2948 (46.8%)

1093 (47.3%)

0.624

 Male

1493 (52.1%)

3355 (53.2%)

1219 (52.7%)

Neonatal birth height (cm)

49.6 ± 1.6

49.9 ± 1.2

50.0 ± 1.4

< 0.001

Neonatal birth weight (gram)

3159.3 ± 462.6

3368.5 ± 463.3

3517.9 ± 527.4

< 0.001

Weight for gestational age

    

 SGA

444 (15.5%)

463 (7.3%)

105 (4.5%)

< 0.001

 AGA

2241 (78.3%)

4884 (77.5%)

1560 (67.5%)

 LGA

178 (6.2%)

956 (15.2%)

647 (28.0%)

Laboratory findings

    

 FT3 (pmol/L)

3.9 ± 0.6

4.1 ± 0.6

4.2 ± 0.6

< 0.001

 FT4 (pmol/L)

13.5 ± 1.9

12.6 ± 1.8

12.1 ± 1.9

< 0.001

 TSH (mIU/L)

3.1 ± 1.9

3.0 ± 1.7

3.9 ± 1.6

< 0.001

 TPO-Ab (mIU/L)

17.7 ± 34.1

17.3 ± 30.6

18.5 ± 33.9

0.191

 RBC (1012/L)

4.0 ± 0.4

4.0 ± 0.3

4.1 ± 0.4

< 0.001

 WBC (109/L)

8.7 ± 2.2

8.8 ± 2.2

8.8 ± 2.2

0.070

 Platelet (109/L)

197.0 ± 54.0

202.9 ± 55.5

209.6 ± 56.5

< 0.001

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

118.1 ± 11.8

118.7 ± 11.9

120.0 ± 11.7

< 0.001

 Total bilirubin (µmol/L)

8.2 ± 3.3

7.9 ± 2.9

7.5 ± 2.8

< 0.001

 Direct bilirubin (µmol/L)

1.7 ± 1.1

1.6 ± 1.0

1.5 ± 0.9

< 0.001

 ALT (U/L)

12.0 ± 16.2

11.2 ± 11.6

11.8 ± 15.0

0.041

 AST (U/L)

20.9 ± 12.2

19.7 ± 9.4

20.4 ± 28.6

0.003

 Total protein (g/L)

64.0 ± 4.5

63.6 ± 4.3

62.9 ± 4.2

< 0.001

 Albumin (g/L)

36.9 ± 2.5

36.5 ± 2.5

35.9 ± 2.5

< 0.001

 Urea nitrogen (mmol/L)

3.6 ± 1.0

3.5 ± 0.9

3.5 ± 0.9

0.310

 Creatinine (umol/L)

60.4 ± 8.8

60.2 ± 8.9

59.9 ± 9.6

0.142

  1. BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; PTB, preterm birth; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; ICP, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy; PE, preeclampsia; PIH, pregnancy induced hypertension; IMH, isolated maternal hypothyroxinaemia; SGA/AGA/LGA, small/appropriate/large for gestational age; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; TPO-Ab, thyroid peroxidase antibody; RBC, red blood cells; WBC, white blood cells; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.
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Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology

ISSN: 1477-7827

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