Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients

Female age (years)

28.41 ± 3.5

32.40 ± 4.21^a

29.65 ± 3.91

0.001*

Male age (years)

35.50 ± 3.70

36.12 ± 4.10

34.76 ± 3.55

Female BMI (kg/m²)

23.36 ± 3.01

24.39 ± 2.60

22.10 ± 2.98

Duration of infertility (years)

3.45 ± 1.41

5.70 ± 2.81

4.21 ± 2.05

Infertility type

Primary

Secondary

21

3

23

2

24

2

Previous IVF attempts

1.16 ± 0.38

1.80 ± 0.89

1.64 ± 0.75

Smoking female

5/24

3/25

6/26

Smoking male

Basal FSH level (IU/L)

Basal E2 level (pg/mL)

Serum AMH level (ng/mL)

AFC

Serum INSL3 level (pg/mL)

INSL3 level in follicular fluid (pg/mL)

10/24

6.49 ± 1.25

34.85 ± 13.68

3.01 ± 0.90

10.70 ± 2.80

1775.52 ± 238.18

1193.91 ± 148.55

7/25

11.46 ± 3.80

50.12 ± 10.34

0.59 ± 0.25

3.64 ± 1.68

1512.98 ± 184.9

958.67 ± 175.23

12/26

7.14 ± 2.10

29.13 ± 10.86

3.29 ± 0.93

11.19 ± 2.60

1742.54 ± 215.14

1043.53 ± 257.31