Table 1 Drug therapy to improve oocytes quality

NMN

HFD mice

The administration of NMN restored ovarian weight, reduced the size of adipose tissue in the abdominal fat, and decreased ovarian inflammation. It also partially improved oocytes quality by restoring mitochondrial function and actin dynamics, reducing meiotic defects, DNA damage, ROS levels, and the distribution of lipid droplets in oocytes of HFD mice.

[39]

NA

HFD mice

In vitro supplement and in vivo administration of NA was able to ameliorate the obesity-associated meiotic defects and oxidative stress in oocytes.

[40]

Phycocyanin

HFD mice

Phycocyanin enhances the levels of ovarian antioxidant enzymes and reduces the incidence of follicular atresia in obese female mice.

[41]

α-lipoic acid and myo-inositol

Patients with obesity

Combined supplementation of α-lipoic acid and myo-inositol in infertile women with obesity was associated with amelioration in the oxidative status of the oocytes environment, potentially leading to a higher pregnancy rate.

[42]

Co-enzyme Q10

HFD mice

Supplementing coenzyme Q10 significantly increased the percentage of normal spindle and chromosome arrangement.

[43]

Resveratrol

HFD mice

Resveratrol can reverse the adverse effects of obesity on oocytes, which is beneficial for embryonic development.

[44]

Resveratrol

pig oocytes

Resveratrol increased the ATP content in oocytes through energy homeostasis and enhanced the developmental potential of oocytes cultured in vitro.

[45]

NR

HFD mice

Supplementing NR can increase NAD levels and improve mitochondrial function in oocytes through the Sirt3-dependent pathway.

[46]

Melatonin

HFD mice

Melatonin supplements induce SIRT3 expression in oocyte from obese mice. This, in turn, reduces the acetylation levels of SOD2K68 and stimulates SOD2 activity, thereby preventing oxidative stress and meiotic defects, and promoting the developmental competence of oocytes.

[47]

IGF2

HFD mice

Following the administration of IGF2 to oocytes from obese mice, there was an observed enhancement in mitochondrial functional activity, distribution, membrane potential, and ultrastructure defects. Furthermore, the application of IGF2 resulted in elevated levels of overall protein synthesis and a reduction in the apoptosis index within oocytes of obese mice.

[36]

CeONPs

HFD mice

The research indicates that treatment with CeO2NPs ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and diminishes endoplasmic reticulum stress in the ovaries caused by obesity, leading to enhancements in oocytes quality and early embryonic development capacity.

[48]

IF

HFD mice

IF can enhance oocytes quality in obese mice by restoring mRNA translation through rescuing the expression of LSM14B, a crucial factor that regulates maternal mRNA storage and translation.

[49]